The landside bastions were triangular or heart-shaped, whereas the seafront Sampionara and St. Andrew Bastions at the eastern and western extremities of the city were less well designed and thus weaker.

The distance between bastions was precisely calculated so that enfilading crossfire from cannon behind embrasures or within casemates provided maximum protection but did not cause damage to adjacent parts of the enceinte.

The Bethlehem Bastion, (photograph: Vassilis Kozonakis)